In C, format specifiers are used in functions like printf and scanf to define the type of data being processed. Here are some commonly used format specifiers:

Format Specifiers

For scanf (input):

• %d: Read an integer
• %i: Read an integer (with base determined by the input)
• %u: Read an unsigned integer
• %f: Read a floating-point number
• %lf: Read a double-precision floating-point number
• %c: Read a single character
• %s: Read a string of characters (until whitespace is encountered)
• %x or %X: Read an unsigned integer in hexadecimal
• %o: Read an unsigned integer in octal

For printf (output):

• %d or %i: Integer (decimal)
• %u: Unsigned integer
• %f: Floating-point number (decimal notation)
• %lf: Double-precision floating-point number
• %c: Single character
• %s: String of characters
• %x or %X: Unsigned integer in hexadecimal (lowercase/uppercase)
• %o: Unsigned integer in octal
• %p: Pointer address
• %e or %E: Floating-point number in scientific notation

Modifiers:

• %hd: Short integer
• %ld: Long integer
• %lld: Long long integer
• %hhd: Signed char (short)
• %.2f: For 2 floating-point values (precision can be adjusted with .nf where n is the number of decimal places)

Week 3

Project 1

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a;
    a = 555;
    printf("%d\n", a);
    printf("%4d\n", a);
    printf("%6d\n", a);
    printf("%8d\n", a);
}

Output :

555
  555
    555
      555

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Project 2

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int a = 200;
    float b = 50.75;
    char ch = 'W';
    char word[] = "Love";

    printf("\n%d\n%.2f\n%c\n%s",a,b,ch,word);
}

Output :

200
50.75
W
Love

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Project 3

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int a, b, c, sum;
    printf("Enter number 1:");
    scanf("%d", &a);
    printf("Enter number 2:");
    scanf("%d", &b);
    printf("Enter number 3:");
    scanf("%d", &c);
    sum = a + b + c;
    printf("a + b + c = %d", sum);
}

Output :

Enter number 1:1
Enter number 2:2
Enter number 3:3
a + b + c = 6

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